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I. FLIGHT
SCHEME
II.
Adeno-coli-syndrome and Ornithose complex
III.
HEALTH SCHEME FOR PIGEONS
Flight Scheme
To complete
the picture we recommend the following flight scheme.
Before the flights half dose SL-MIX for five days.
During educational flights SL-MIX for five days for about three weeks.
With this flight scheme it must be possible in principle to prevent the
most pigeon diseases.
If the performance
is not satisfying even though keeping up to this scheme the reason might
be, for example, a viral infection which does not react on regular prevention
treatment.
Furthermore surrounding factors, such as variation in temperature and
humidity cause chronical respiratory tracts problems.
In such cases there is not much to expect from serving medicine.
We recommend
to examine the pigeon 4 to 5 weeks before the flight, especially throat
and excrement.
Due to the examination results it might be advisable to give, for example
PUDER 18
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The First
Three Flights
- serve
BELGASOL or ELECTROLYTE MIX with the drinking water on return
- on the
first day after the flight SA-MIX or PUDER 18 with the drinking water
or food
- on the
2nd and 3rd TOP KONDITIONS KUR with the food
After The 4th Flight
- serve BELGASOL
or ELECTROLYTE MIX with the drinking water on return
- on the fist day after return SL-MIX with the drinking water or food
- on the 2nd day after return SA-MIX or PUDER 18 with the drinking water
or food
The biggest problem for young pigeons is, of course the Adeno-coli -infection.
SL-MIX is suitable for preventive treatment and can be served on return,
provided
that no infection of the respiratory tracts is existing.
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In case of
respiratory tracts problems ANTICOL or ANTISNOT are very effective.
As preventive treatment against coli-infection we recommend PHYTO VITALITAET
which
contains echinacea which supports the defence mechanism.
The low acid content of this product hampers the development of harmful
intestinal bacteria.
If PHYTO VITALITAET is served regularly the utilization of food will be
improved , with the effect that the condition of the pigeons will increase
constantly.
Serving PHYTO VITALITAET for a short period shows only little effect.
PHYTO VITALITAET
should not be served in combination with other products.
There is
no general validity for this scheme but it is possible to change the one
or another
treatment as circumstances dictate.
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BIOFERMENT
TAUBE
Searching
for a natural method to strenghten the defence mechanism and to increase
the condition of the pigeons we discovered BIOFERMENT TAUBE.
This product is completely natural and produced by fermentation .
It contains the yeast Saccharomyces cervisae which ferments curative herbs
into an ectract which helps to increase the defence mechanism. The product
does not react acidically.
Up to now
many experiences with this product have been made.
Administering BIOFERMENT TAUBE for the last three weeks of the breeding
period has shown positive effects. There is only a small death rate among
the pigeons during the first days after birth.
Administering BIOFERMENT TAUBE while raising it considerably stimulates
ingestion and growth.
During the flight periods it helps the pigeons to recover more quickly
and gives the flesh a healthy shade.
Due to this examination fligt performance and training have improved.
BIOFERMENT TAUBE has also shown a positive effect on the feathers during
the moult.
Dosage :
0,5ml per 1000ml drinking water or two drops per pigeon ( drip into the
peak with a
pipette).
BIOFERMENT TAUBE can be served daily but at least 3x weekly. Available
per
100ml bottle
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Adeno-coli-syndroom
and Ornithose-complex
There are
some serious diseases which threaten the pigeons health during the flight
season especially the Adeno-coli syndrome and orthinose complex.
Adeno-coli
syndrome
This syndrome
contains two main disease-causing agents, the Adeno virus and the e.coli
bacteria.
We are dealing here with a disease which predominantly attacts pigeons
up to the age of one year.
The first distinctive marks are visible in particular stress situations
for example the loading into the cages during the flight season. But also
overcrowded lofts might lead to an outbreak of this disease.
The main symptoms are thirst, lack of appetite, vomiting and diarrhoea.
The condition is getting worse and leads to strong loss of weight. The
disease spreads over the loft rapidly.
Within 48
hours all pigeons might be infected. This so-called classic Adeno virus
infection can be cured within one week on condition that no other infection
is involved such as the e.coli infection. In such a case we are talking
about the Adeno-coli syndrome.
The additional infection with e.coli bacteria leads the pigeons into a
very bad state of condition. They are losing a lot of weight and the excretions
are often green and strong smelling. In difficult cases the disease might
be fatal.
In case of a serious liver damage caused by the infection the convalescence
lasts very long. Flight performance and condition are not any longer satisfactory.
The classic
Adeno virus infection causes a so-called catarrhal enteritis. The vrius
attacks the intestinal cells and harms the intestinal walls. Because of
this, protein reaches the intestinal contents and forms a perfect culture
medium for bacteria such as e.coli.
As a result the damage of the intestinal walls might cause blood-poisoning
which often leads to death.
If there are no such complications the pigeons will recover from the classic
Adeno virus infection within one week.
But experience shows that there are great differences due to the seriousness
of the symptoms.
Only in a
few cases the pigeons recover without large damage within one week after
infection with the Adeno virus.
The possibility that an additional e.coli infection is the reason for
a worsening of the symptoms depends on the defence mechanism of the young
pigeons. If the pigeons still have to deal with previous infections (jaundice,
hexamitasis or ornithose) the symptoms will be more drastic.
Therefore the Adeno-coli syndrom can be described as a so-called "multi-factor
disease" .
A weaken
defence mechanism, stress, overcrowded lofts etc. have a great influence
on the seriousness of the disease.
It is clearly that we have to concentrate on the maintenance of the natural
defence mechanism of the young pigeons.
This diagnose is made due to the clinical symptoms of each age-group affected.
But still we have to take other diseases such as paramyxo virus infection,
herpes, streptococci, hexamitiasis and salmonellosis into consideration.
We can be sure of the Adeno virus if we examine the liver cells and the
intestinal mucous membrane.
Up to now there is no preventive vaccination possible to control this
virus.
The Adeno
virus of the pigeons belongs to another group than the Adeno virus which
is used to control the EDS desease which appeared among chicken. This
vaccine has been used several times for pigeons but due to our experience
it shows no effect if only used once.
In Belgian publications it is said, that several vaccinations in turn
have shown positive results, but we are not able to confrm this fact so
far.
It is a known fact that there is no medicine available for such virus
infections. Therefore we have to control first of all the secondary bacterial
infections, the loft hygiene, the stress prevention and the improvement
of the natural defence mechanism of the young pigeons.
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Fight
Against Secondary Bacterial Infections
The secondary
infection of the Adeno-virus-coli complex is mainly caused by e.coli bacteria.This
bacteria is present in almost 97% of all pigeon intestines and can be
seen as a pemanent occupier which multipies rapidly in case of an Adeno
virus infection. The poisonous substances transported by the bacteria
are in case of infection able to pass the damaged intestinal walls and
cause a blood-poisoning. At this stage the most pigeons are beyond saving.
Therefore it is imprtant to defend the increase of the e.coli bacteria.
BAYTRIL (enrofloxacine) has shown quite good results but has a negative
influence on the bone structure.
The products TRIM-SULFA, AMCO, PUDER 22, FC-MIX und SL-MIX are recommendable.In
some cases it is advisable to hamper the e.coli population with a health
cure after stop taking the products.
But still regular prevention treatment is the best way and should be preferred
to the use of antibiotic.
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Pigeons
Loft Hygiene
Of course
the loft hygiene is very important but it should not be taken too far.
It is important that there is no infection possible through drinking vessels
and feeding bowls. In this area hygiene is a must.
On the other side exaggeration leads to the fact that the young pigeons
escape from many " children diseases" and do not strenghten
their defence mechanism in order to fight simple diseases. But due to
this problem most breeder know what they are doing.
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Stress
prevention
Stress is
a main reason for an outbreak of latent infections. Stress is unavoidable
during the loading into the cages but due to overcrowded lofts it can
be avoided.
Stress reduces the natural defence and therefore the risk of infections
is increasing. Medical treatment might be necessary but also ofends the
codition of the pigeons. It is a vicious circle.
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Increase
of The Natural Defence
In my opinion
the basic idea to solve this problem is the increase of the natural defence
mechanism. Stress prevention, sufficient hygiene and an intact intestinal
flora which defends harmful bacteria increase the natural defence of the
young pigeons. An intact intestinal flora improves the digestive system
and leads to a better utilization of food and vitamines and therefore
to a better state of condition.
Apple vinegar, PHYTO VITALITAET a.o. make the drinking water sour and
help the useful bacteria to increase under optimal circumstances. But
careful, the acidity should not be too low.
Due to the examinations we have made with an improved version of PHYTO
VITALITAET during the last year we can say that this natural treatment
has a great effect on the general condition of the pigeons. The effectiveness
of PHYTO VITALITAET is based on five protective herbs and in addition
the well-known ginseng. The product is used by pigeon enthusiasts for
many years.
Another point to discuss is the support of vitamines. In my view the pigeon
racing is to some extend a competitive sport. Great demands are made to
the pigeons during the flight season. Although they get nutritious food
the health is put under a lot of stress. Therefore the pigeons should
be provided constantly with vitamines to improve the defence mechanism.
FARVOSIL is a reliable product with a high concentration of vitamines
and trace elements.
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Rules of
thumb:
1. Prevention
of stress and overcrowding
2. Basic hygiene to avoid infections
3. Serving high quality food and vitamines
4. Improvement of intestinal flora and metabolism
5. Regular examination of throat and excrements due to parasites
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Health
Sheme For Pigeons
After
the pigeons hatched out of their eegs they should leave their nest without
any infection.Therefore the parents have to be in a healthy state of condition.
Treatment:
-Yellow cure for the eegs against trichomoniasis
-Excrements control weeks before breeding ( coccidiose, worms )
-Breeding-ground from excrements reveals possible paratyfus infection
.If positive
cure and vaccination against infection twice within three weeks.
As preventive
treatment we recommend an intestinal cure for the little pigeons.
(SL-MIX, B.S.)
The infection has only little chance to break out. ( see PHYTO VITALITAET
)
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Before
The Flight Season:
Control of
throat and excrements 4 to 5 weeks before season starts. Treatment if
necessary.
In case of an infection of the respiratory tracts we recommend a cure
for five days to defend latent infections. This is one of the reason why
some pigeons have a breakdown after 4 to 5 flights.
Stress increases the infection and threatens the state of condition.
We recommend preventive treament against infections of the respiratory
tracts. It can be given before or after the flight. I prefer to give the
medicine after the flight to be certain that nothing remains in the bodies
for the next flight.
The selection of suitable and effective products depends on the pigeons
and their loft.
If possible take the more curative medicine with a concentration of higher
than 5%.
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Specific
Problems
Yellow
Cure
Due to my experience the resitance of trichomansis has increased. A drinking
cure during the months written with an "r" is no longer a quarantee
that trichomoniasis is dammed.
The treatment during the winter is quit more effective.
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Coccidiose
An infection with coccodiosis is seldom today. The pigeons infected still
show good flight performances. In many cases other infections are present.
Their treatment also effects the infection with coccodiosis.
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Worms
In my opinion all different kinds of worms should be treated. Only a few
can destroy the condition of the pigeons.
All worming treatments should be repeated after 8 days in order to destroy
all larva.
Our clinical institut only uses medicine if necessary. Medicine should
only be used in suitable doses and over a sufficient period.
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Our Basic
Principle:
1. Start
the season in the best of health
2. Curative treatment for respiratory tracts 4 to 5 weeks before the
flights if necessary
3. Keeping up health with short-lasting prevention treatment after the
flights
4. Natural improvement of defence
Notice:
Pigeons with a strong defence mechanism need less medicine.
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PARATYPHOID
Introduction
Paratyphoid is a bacterial infection. During the last years we draw all
our attention to the newsletters dealing with this disease. But there
are still many questions to be answered.
Autumn is the best time to prepare the new flight season. After the pigeons
have been selected and the excrements have been controled ( worms, coccidiose,etc.)
it is advisable to examine the throats due to any infection of the respiratory
tracts.
It is also the time to control if the pigeons suffer from any latent infection,
for example, salmonella.
Autumn is the best time for preventive treatment against such infections.
During the moult the pigeons are more prone to infections because their
defense mechanism is weakened. Therefore it is not advisable to make any
"disinfecting treatment" during this period. The chance for
new infections might grow.
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Symptoms
Before we discuss the preventive treatments we should take a closer look
at the disease.
Paratyphoid can appear in different ways. The subclinical or latent infection
causes much more trouble than the clinical outbreak of this disease.
The latent infection is difficult to diagnose. Mostly the flight performance
declines.
The pigeons don't feel well and their feathers are getting dull. They
are in a bad state of condition.
But these are all symptoms which apply to many other diseases.
If the excrements reveal an infection a clear diagnosis can be made.
But due to many bacterial infections this is often very difficult. The
bacteria is not excreted continuously. Therefore it is advisable to examine
the excrements for a few days.
This kind of examination gives more certainty due to possible infections.
The more negative results we get the better the chance for a healthy stock.
In case of a latent paratyphoid infection the focus of infection is inside
the pigeons and mostly no symptoms are visible.
As the defense mechanism is weakened the latent infection might turn into
a so-called clinical form.
Then the infection is passed on through the beak and starts in the intestines.
If the defense mechanism of the pigeons affected is weakened the bacteria
are transported through the lymphatic system into the organs which leads
to blood-poisoning.
The different types of infection depend on the focus of infection.
We can differentiate between the intestinal-, organic-, rheumatic- and
brain phenotype.
Furthermore we know the fester inflammation of the skin and the heart-shaped
inflammation of the eyelids.
Pigeons who have recovered from a clinical infection are still able to
transmit bacteria and to infect the whole stock again and again. It is
assumed, that an infection is also possible through the eggshell and during
fertilization.
Due to the different types of infection we have come to the following
conclusion :
In most of the cases the intestinal phenotype appears. The pigeons loose
weight and the excrement is thin, slimy, green and sometimes bloody. In
this case the infection becomes fatal.
During autumn predominantly elder pigeons are affected. Also the symptoms
can appear during the breeding, which leads to a quick death among the
brood. Typical symptoms are thirst and thin excrement. The fertilization
results are insufficient, for example, wind eggs.
Due to the organ type predominantly the liver is affected. The function
is insufficient and the pigeons are getting ill. If the sex organs are
affected the fertilization results worsen and non-fertility might follow.
An additional infection of the kidneys leads to a very bad state of condition.
The rheumatic type is characterized through damages of the elbow- and
heel joint. Liquid causes pain and the pigeons have trouble to walk and
fly.
The brain type of paratyphoid can lead to turn necks as a consequence
of a damage of the balance organs. This is also a symptom of a paramyxo
infection. But compared to the fatal paratyphoid infection the pigeons
are still attentive.
Usually the young pigeons show more serious symptoms than the elder ones.
The elder pigeons are often chronic transmitters if they have recovered
from an infection.
In all cases the final diagnose of an infection is based on the examination
of the bacteria.
In case of doubt the culture of collected excrements (at least five days)
gives certainty about the type of infection.
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Treatment
The infected pigeons must be isolated.
An individual long- lasting treatment with Marbocap might cure the pigeons,
but they are only able to further flights if only the intestines were
affected.
In the other cases they can only be used for breeding on condition that
the sex organs have suffered from no harm.
Another point of treatment is the hygiene. Cleaning, disinfecting and
to some extend fire.
Stress situations and overcrowded lofts should be avoided.
In addition it is necessary to provide the whole loft with effective drugs.
The defense mechanism should be strengthened.
Recommendable drugs are Trim/Sulfa and Enrofloxacine (Baytril) . In our
pigeon center we prefer Trim/Sulfa, served before feeding with the drinking
water (room temperature).
The medical treatment should last 14 days. In case of a clinical infection
a vaccination after 14 days is recommendable and in addition a health
cure for about one week . The vaccination might be repeated if necessary
in order to build a strong defense mechanism. The young pigeons at the
age of six weeks and the elder during the quite season but at the latest
3 weeks before fertilization. This procedure protects the young pigeons
the best.
In conclusion we can say that the described treatment of paratyphoid is
no guaranty that the risk of a new infection is ward off.
Paratyphoid is a persistent disease. In case of any infection a regular
examination of the excrements is absolutely necessary and it is advisable
to keep new acquired pigeons at the beginning isolated.
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